Torsion of testis is a medical emergency that occurs when the spermatic cord — which supplies blood to the testicle — becomes twisted. This twisting cuts off blood flow to the testis, causing sudden and severe pain. Immediate treatment is crucial, as delayed care can result in permanent damage to the testicle.
Testicular torsion can occur at any age but is most commonly seen in newborns and adolescent boys.
Testicular torsion usually occurs due to an anatomical variation known as a “bell-clapper deformity,” where the testis is not properly attached inside the scrotum and can rotate freely. It may happen:
Suddenly without clear cause
During sleep
After minor trauma
During physical activity
In many cases, there is no obvious trigger.
Testicular torsion typically presents with:
Sudden, severe pain in one side of the scrotum
Swelling and redness of the scrotum
Nausea or vomiting
Lower abdominal pain
One testis positioned higher than the other
In infants, symptoms may include unexplained crying, irritability, or scrotal swelling.
Blood supply to the testis must be restored within 6 hours for the best chance of saving it. Delay beyond this period significantly increases the risk of permanent damage and possible removal of the affected testicle.
Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical examination. In some cases:
Ultrasound with Doppler may be performed to assess blood flow
However, if torsion is strongly suspected, emergency surgery is performed without delay.
Emergency surgery is the only effective treatment.
During the procedure:
The twisted spermatic cord is untwisted
Blood flow is restored
The testis is secured in place (orchidopexy) to prevent recurrence
The opposite testis is also fixed to prevent future torsion
If the testis has lost blood supply for too long, removal (orchiectomy) may be necessary.
Seek immediate medical attention if your child experiences:
Sudden scrotal pain
Swelling or redness of the scrotum
Severe abdominal pain with scrotal discomfort
Do not delay or wait for symptoms to improve.
Our pediatric surgical team provides rapid diagnosis and immediate treatment for testicular torsion. With prompt intervention, advanced surgical techniques, and compassionate care, we aim to preserve testicular function and ensure the best possible outcome for your child.
